Water and Environment science Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Water and Environment science - Research Paper Example the occupants of the Portland city since it supplies them with adequate measures of fish like the Chinook, Sockeye and the Chun Salmon, wild creatures just as regular views. The flying creature species are found on the waterway banks and they incorporate the bald eagles and the incredible blue herons (Sethajintanin, et al., 114). Willamette River has experienced a gigantic change in the last 200 years which is portrayed by different human exercises like the structure of dams, dykes, and digging. There are different wellsprings of contamination in the Willamette River which incorporate the sterile release from the urban communities of Corvallis and Portland whose consolidated tempest just as the clean sewer discharge untreated sewage in to the stream during the blustery season. Oil and fuel spills are normal in the stream due to the sailing action basic in the waterway. Dregs disintegration is regular in the territory where flood conveys toxins from upstream zones in to the stream in this way causing contamination of the waterway. Family unit squanders like solvents cleansers just as the family synthetics that are washed down from the rooftops and in the long run channel into the waterway (Poor and Jeffrey, 772). The Willamette River is presently viewed as cleaner than it was in the late 1920’s and in the 1930’s when the waterway was in a much dirtied express that a fish put in it could bite the dust right away. A power known as the State Sanitary Authority which was later changed into the Department of Environment Quality. This Authority was answerable for regulating the tidying up of the River. In 1968, a significant tidy up was done which included the distinguishing proof of all significant waste releases were controlled subsequently making the stream a lot more secure (Rojas-Burke, 134). From the consequences of the information gathered from the stream obviously the temperatures were high during the three testing situations in view of the occasions in which the examples were taken. High temperatures influence the working of the sea-going life since their bodies work

The Negro Movement

Glancing back at the historical backdrop of the way of life that has become alive once again; one might be very astounded exactly how far the African American culture has come. The movement of the African American culture is to be sure one to be pleased with. From cotton fields to Harlem, â€Å"The New Negro Movement†, started a feeling of social self-assurance, with a longing to take a stab at financial, political uniformity, and city support. This was a development that started a wide scope of headways in the African American culture. Leaving impressions of extraordinary people just as set a way path for people in the future to follow; starting a precedent for Black enormity. After the American Civil War there was a sparkle inside the African American culture to reduce the inheritance of subjugation. It began in 1908, with the improvement of the NAACP (The National Association of Colored People), which drove the battle against racial separation. What is known as â€Å"The Great migration† in 1914 was the relocation of more than at least 500,000 Blacks in a multi year time frame; for industry occupations, and by and large better chances. Blacks were leaving the South traveled North in scan for something new. This was the getaway they ached for from abusive living and social conditions that compromised life. New York was one of the all the more engaging states, considering New York schools restricted separate schools for African Americans. In this way, training was likewise made simpler for African Americans. By 1819 Harlem, New York had the most elevated include of Black individuals on the planet. In 1916-17, Hubert Harrison; whom is viewed as the dad of â€Å"The New Negro Movement† built up his first affiliation â€Å"The Liberty League†, alongside his first paper. During the 1920’s and 1930’s, African Americans communicated through Literature, Art, Music, Drama, Movies, and dissent. Mr. Harrison urged Blacks to extend and improve through training, mindfulness, and Afro-driven network programs. With â€Å"The Voice† of â€Å"The New Negro Movement† empowered the Black people group to request fairness. This was in certainty the introduction of the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance is the name given to the period from the finish of World War I and through the 1930’s Depression time. During this time, there were numerous extraordinary abstract attempts to come to fruition. A gathering of journalists delivered an extraordinary gathering of Literature. A portion of those scholars include: Alain Locke, who portrayed himself as the â€Å"midwife† to hopeful youthful dark essayists of the 1920s. In a 1925 article entitled ‘The New Negro', Howard University Professor of Philosophy Alain Locke portrayed this change as not depending on more seasoned time-worn models yet, rather, grasping a ‘new brain research' and ‘new sprit'. Vital to Locke's remedy was the command that the ‘New Negro' needed to ‘smash' the entirety of the racial, social and mental obstacles that had since quite a while ago discouraged dark accomplishment. Six years preceding Locke's paper, the spearheading dark producer Oscar Micheaux called for comparable changes. In his film Within our Gates, Micheaux spoke to a virtual cornucopia of ‘New Negro' types: from the informed and enterprising ‘race' man and lady to the hopeless Negro trickster, from the liberal white humanitarian to the no-nonsense white supremacist. Micheaux made a mind boggling, sensational story around these sorts so as to build up an ethical quality story of pride, partiality, cynicism and progressivism that would be returned to by Locke and others (Rhapsodies in Black: Art of the Harlem Renaissance (London/California: Hayward Gallery, Institute of International Visual Arts and University of California Press, 1997). Dark possessed magazines and papers thrived, liberating African Americans from the tightening impacts of standard white society. Charles S. Johnson's Opportunity magazine turned into the main voice of dark culture, and W. E. B. DuBois' diary, The Crisis, with Jessie Redmon Fauset as its scholarly editorial manager, propelled the artistic vocations of such essayists as Arna Bontemps, Langston Hughes, and Countee Cullen(The Birth of the Harlem Renaissance: History and Timeline †Infoplease. com). Also, there were different parts of Black enormity rising up out of abuse. â€Å"†¦Through their aestheticness, the writing of this period assisted with encouraging a change from the brain research of the â€Å"Old Negro† (portrayed by an inferred mediocrity of the post-Reconstruction time when dark specialists frequently didn't control the methods for creation or article rights) to the â€Å"New Negro† (described as self-confident, racially cognizant, articulate, and, generally, responsible for what they delivered). Milestone messages that denoted this change and supported expanded investigation of African American experience through writing incorporated The Book of American Negro Poetry (1922), altered by James Weldon Johnson and The New Negro (1925) by Locke. The fleeting artistic magazine Fire!! (1926) additionally significantly affected the abstract creation since it spoke to the endeavors of more youthful African American essayists, (for example, Hughes and Hurston) to guarantee their own innovativeness separated from more seasoned specialists, (for example, DuBois and James Weldon Johnson), just as to set up independence from potential white exploiters†¦ (Trudier Harris-Lopez, â€Å"Forward† Harlem Renaissance, Volume I. Janet Witalec, venture editorial manager. Farmington Hill, MI: Gale, 2003 Call and Response: The Riverside Anthology of the African American Literary Tradition. Ed. Patricia Liggins Hill. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1998). The Spiritual Coming of Age wa s exclusively for African Americans to communicate for themselves and endeavor assurance. To have a feeling of race pride. White Literary foundations got entranced and started to distribute their works. African American Literature has affected American culture in a tremendous manner. Their compositions have enlivened numerous African Americans to proceed with the inheritance in Literature. At this equivalent time, the Jamaican-conceived Marcus Garvey started his advancement of the â€Å"Back to Africa development. † Garvey established the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL), which pushed the rejoining surprisingly of African heritage into one network with one supreme government. The development urged African-Americans to meet up, however to likewise feel pride in their legacy and race (http://www. history. com/blackhistory/harlem-renaissance. sp). The Harlem Renaissance was a characterizing development inside the African American culture. 1929 denoted the start of the finish of the Harlem Renaissance. Because of the financial decays, numerous conspicuous essayists left Harlem. Despite the fact that there was very little time during this period, this time impacted numerous authors to come. Its incredible crossro ads in History like this that rouse and impact ages to come. The Harlem mob of 1935 was the last occasion. The movement of African Americans has progressed significantly. From bondage to Harlem, and past; African Americans have transformed History. Not long after the Renaissance, many made their mark innovativeness. With the rises of individuals like Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. , Malcolm X, Sojourner Truth, the African American culture has gone a long ways past what was envisioned hundreds of years back. Numerous extraordinary performers from jazz time added to the mass music furor we see today. With extraordinary artists like Duke Ellington and Louis Armstrong, we currently have Kenny G, and Boney James. With Poets, for example, Langston Hughes, and Zora Neale Hurston, we have Maya Angelou, and Gwendolyn Brooks. The Harlem Renaissance has contributed an excessive number of extraordinary works among African Americans. The African American culture has bloomed from multiple points of view. In the start of the 1970’s, African American writing went standard, and has kept on progressing nicely; in addition, books by Black writers proceed with today to get smash hit grants. This additionally denotes the period where African American works were considered as an authentic sort of American Literature. The Civil Rights development established an amazing connection with dark voices during the 1960s. Baldwin, whose fiction and papers managed with race as well as sexuality, family, the ex-pat life, and his adolescence in the Church, came back from numerous years in Paris to take part in the expanding development. A large number of Baldwin's most huge works were written during the 60s, including Another Country and The Fire Next Time (â€Å"African American Literature: History, Crossword, Quizzes, Harlem Renaissance, Civil Rights. † Infoplease.  © 2000â€2007 Pearson Education, distributing as Infoplease. 26 Apr. 2011http://www. infoplease. com/spot/bhmlit1. html).

STAR Interviewing Response Technique for Success in Behavioral Job Interviews

STAR Interviewing Response Technique for Success in Behavioral Job Interviews Behavioral questions are one of the most common types of interview questions you’ll encounter. No matter what the industry is, you’re bound to have a few of those thrown at you when you enter a job interview.So, how do you handle them and what are they really about? In this guide, you’ll encounter a strategy that’s the most effective in terms of answering a behavioral question: the STAR technique.We’ll go over:What STAR stands for?What are behavioral questions?How can STAR help with behavioral questions?What are the steps to crafting a STAR response to a behavioral question?Finally, we’ll look at a few examples to help you get started.SITUATION, TASK, ACTION, RESULTLet’s start by examining the STAR concept. It consists of four different elements, each of which can be considered a single step in your answer. It gives structure to your answer and helps you move from one important element to another, providing a thorough answer to the question at hand.The four elements of the STAR concept are:SITUATIONThe first component examines the context of your answer. You answer the question of “What were the circumstances of the thing?” and lay the foundation for the answer. You use this component as the basis, explaining in detail what kind of situation you’re about to describe.TASKYour second component in the STAR technique involves the responsibility you had in that environment. You try answering the question “What was the thing you had to do?” and outline the desired outcome. The component is not looking at what you did but rather what was expected in this situation.ACTIONYou then move on to describe the things you did to start solving the situation. You answer the question “What were the steps you took?” by showing in detail what your actions were in order to solve the task ahead of you. The component is focused on your specific actions and reasoning for those actions â€" it’s about the actual things that happened and not what should have happened.RESULTFinally, the last component of the STAR technique is the outcome aspect of it all. You seek to explain an answer to the question “What happened as a result of your actions?” and what your accomplishment or lessons learned were. The focus is on the details of the outcome and an understanding of how your actions in the previous component led to this specific outcome.By following these four components, you create a coherent, concise and detailed answer for any behavioral question you may face.THE COMMON BEHAVIOURAL INTERVIEW QUESTIONSWhen you have a group of people working towards a common mission, such as in the workplace, the employers want to know how employees will react to different circumstances. Being a good employee is not just about being able to technically perform in the role (i.e. to have the right skills) but to also be able to handle the situations that arise with the role (i.e. to have the right characteristics).Here’s a list of some of the most comm on behavioral questions:Talk about a time when you had to work closely with someone whose personality was very different from yours.Tell me about a situation you wish you’d handled differently with a colleague?Give me an example of a time when you did not meet a client’s expectation. What happened and how did you attempt to rectify the situation?How do you prioritise?Tell me about a time you’ve been under a lot of pressure. What happened and how did you handle the situation?Tell me about a time when you failed/succeeded? How did you deal with the situation?Tell me about a time when you set a goal for yourself? What was is and how did you make sure to achieve it?How do you handle managing responsibilities?Give me an example of a time you’ve persuaded someone.Tell me about a time when you were faced with a conflict. What did you do?How do you motivate yourself?What is your biggest achievement?Behavioral questions are asked to reveal three core things:How you handle specific si tuationsHow you thinkHow you compare with the other candidatesThis allows the interviewer to understand more about you as a candidate. Behavioral questions move deeper into the personality and talent you’d bring to the workplace and beyond just your technical ability to perform in the role.When you’re asked behavioral questions, the interviewer is essentially trying to find out three things about your behavior.First, they want to know how you’ve behaved in previous real-world situations. This is important because behavioral questions are not about imaginary situations â€" the interviewer is not looking to know how you would behave in a certain situation but how you have behaved.For example, a common behavioral question is to ask:Tell me about a mistake that you’ve made. How did you handle it?They don’t ask:What would you do if you ever made a mistake?The second point to remember is that the questions are looking to understand the value you’ve added to this actual situati on. The interviewer wants to know what you did and how your direct actions influenced the outcome. It’s not about what the organization did, the team did or anyone else present did â€" your actions and behaviors are what matter here.For instance, another common behavioral question is to ask:Give me an example of a difficult problem you’ve solved. How did you do it?Again, they are asking about your actions and the behaviors and actions you took to overcome the situation.Finally, the third point the interviewer is focusing on is how you define and analyze different workplace situations. This allows them to compare you to other candidates and to analyze your fit to the work environment. What this essentially means is to check how you define things like ‘failure’, ‘mistake’, and ‘success’.For example, when the interviewer asks a common behavioral question like:Can you tell me about a challenging situation you overcame at work?They aren’t just looking for you to talk ab out the actual steps and actions you took. The interviewer is also interested in seeing what kind of situation you define to be a challenge.Different people can consider very different workplace scenarios as ‘challenge’. For example, someone might talk about how the fax machine broke down while others might go on about the time a big client refused to pay.The point is not that there is necessarily a right or wrong way to define things. But it’s more about understanding your fit for the ‘pressure’ the work environment would provide.Overall, there isn’t really a right or a wrong answer to behavioral questions. Since the answer also has to be about an actual behavior you’ve shown and deal with a real-life situation, you can’t really ever find example answers that you can use.However, what you can do is use strategies that help to answer the question in the most effective way and this is why the STAR method is such a powerful thing.HOW CAN THE STAR TECHNIQUE HELP?There i s a concept and saying in psychology that says, “the best predictor of future behavior is past behavior”. This idea is behind behavioral questions and the reason STAR works so well in answering those questions.STAR looks at what you’ve done in the past in specific situations and therefore, gives the employer a window into your possible future actions. The employer can consider these together with your skills and make a balanced judgment on how well you’d be able to perform in that role.If you remember from the previous section, the interviewer is looking for three core things:How you have behaved in an actual situationHow you’ve added value to solving or dealing with that situationHow you define different common workplace situationsNow, with the STAR method, you are answering those points directly.Remember that STAR will make you:Define the SITUATION by giving the interviewer context for when you engaged in a specific behavior they are asking about. Here you are showing th e interviewer how you define the specific workplace situations they are asking about. For example, if they ask, “Tell me about a challenge you’ve overcome?” then you will not only outline the real-life situation you dealt with, but you will also show the way you define something as ‘a challenge’.Then you move on to talk about the TASK. These are the responsibilities you had in that situation. You show what your role and value was from the onset â€" you not only show what was expected of you but also discuss what you thought were expected of you. Again, you dig deeper into how you define these situations and you show how you understand your role in them.You will next highlight the ACTION. This is to show your behavior deeper and to talk about the steps you took in that specific situation to overcome it or to solve it. This needs to be detailed and concise, showing the interviewer exactly how you behaved and acted in the situation. You want to highlight each action you took and explain the reasoning behind it. Again, this is to help the interviewer to see how your past behavior would manifest in the future, in this particular position.Now, the final part is to mention the RESULTS. These are the outcomes that took place due to your behavior and actions. You show the interviewer the value you brought in reality and what the tangible results of your actions were. In addition, you want to show your understanding of what lead to those results and your ability to learn from the situation. You need to highlight your understanding of what actions lead to what outcomes and how these can help in any specific work situation.See how powerful the STAR method is? You just used it to answer all the things the interviewer wants to see when they ask behavioral questions. You show then in action how you’ve been and acted in the past to help them analyze your ability to perform in the specific role in the future.You make it easier for them to compare you with others †" they get real examples of behavior that help them evaluate the skills and the fit.3 STEPS TO PREPARE FOR BEHAVIORAL QUESTIONS WITH STARSo, how can you start using STAR to your advantage? You now have a great grasp of:The concept of STARThe reasons behavioral questions are askedThe concrete ways STAR helps to answer those questionsNow it’s time to start practicing your answers. Preparing and thinking about what answers would be good will help you nail the interview â€" you’ll have the confidence to talk about your skills and more importantly, you know just the kind of skills you need to be talking about.As we’ll discuss soon, the behavioral questions the interviewer ask will always be linked with the specifics of the role and the company. The interviewer knows the kind of skills they want the candidate to have, the challenges they’ll be faced with and so on.Now it’s the candidate’s job to show that they do have those skills, they do know how to overcome those specific c hallenges and so on.So, how do you go about ensuring your behavioral question follows the STAR strategy and highlights the right qualifications and skills for the job?Here are three simple steps to take to prepare for behavioral questions with STAR.1. Make a list of your skills and your experiencesYou should start by creating a list of your skills and experiences. These should be essential for performing well and succeeding in the role you are applying for.What this means is not just listing skills and qualifications you have â€" as you will have many of them! The point is to focus on those core skills that you need in this particular role.In order to figure out what those are, you need to look at the job listing. You should read it, underlining any skill and experience the employer mentions. Then write them down in the below chart:THE SKILLS THE EMPLOYER IS LOOKING FOR:You can list as many and as few as needed. The key is to find those core skills and characteristics that would hel p you in the role and the specific work environment.You can then move on to focusing on the skills you have. The dream is to be able to manifest those exact skills. So you could simply underline the ones you know you have in green.But consider also other skills you have that the employer hasn’t mentioned but which you know would help. These could be closely related to the skills the employer mentions and transferable skills you have.MY BEST SKILLS TO HELP PERFORM AND TO SUCCEED IN THIS ROLE:2. Pick an example of a time you showcased that skill or experienceNow, you have the skills listed. You know what the employer is looking for and the skills your answers should highlight. It is time to show those skills in action.The next step is about matching each of those skills with a real-life example. You want to find the SITUATION in STAR. You want to pick something you’ve done, dealt with, accomplished and so on â€" to give the context to your skill and characteristics.At this point, you don’t have to consider STAR just yet. You simply want to have a rough idea of an example that highlights a skill. Indeed, it’s a good idea to have two examples for a single skill to ensure you can showcase single skill in different ways â€" depending on the question, you can pick the more suited answer then.Of course, it will be even better if you can find an example of a situation that’s similar to something you might deal with in your new role. For example, if the job involves a lot of customer service, then try to come up with examples that highlight your skills and experience of actual customer service situations.So use the below chart to list the skills and characteristics you have and then match them with suitable real-life examples.THE SKILLSTHE EXAMPLE3. Write down the STAR functionsFinally, it’s time to bring out the STAR template and go through each of your examples, giving them the STAR treatment. What you can do is use the below template, filling in the impor tant points as you go along.SKILL AND EXAMPLE SITUATION:SITUATIONWho? What? Where? When? How?TASKWhat were the deadlines? What were the costs? What did it involve? What was required?ACTIONWhat did you do? What steps did you take? How did you take them?RESULTWhat happened? Why did it happen?You can use the questions as guidance when writing your answer.At this point, you can write is as close to an oral answer you might give. You can even sample some of the most common behavioral questions with your answers. The key is to learn to highlight your skill, use real examples as your answers, and master the STAR strategy.Of course, you don’t want to learn the answers by heart and simply read them off like a script when at the interview. However, it still helps to practice the strategy and to think about the examples beforehand â€" it helps you give a good answer confidently.A FEW EXAMPLE BEHAVIOR JOB INTERVIEW QUESTIONS AND STAR RESPONSESTo bring it all home, it’s a good idea to examin e a few examples. Here are three core behavioral questions that are almost unanimously asked in job interviews. Below you can also find an example answer to the question, highlighting the STAR strategy.The Question: Tell me about a time when you showed leadership. What did you do?The STAR answer:In my previous job, we had multiple requests for customer follow-ups after we held a conference (SITUATION). Due to one of our team members being sick, we started having a large backlog and customers complained that we’re taking too long to get back to them (TASK). I realized some of the customers had said they’d be OK if we follow-up on the weekends, so I asked one of the team members to contact the list first and to setup interviews for weekend, if possible. I then worked on the weekend to clear the backlog (ACTION). We ended up clearing the list and acquired 8 new customers, with $100,000 in new sales (RESULT).The Question: Have you ever made a mistake? How did you handle it?The STAR answer:Once I misquoted a fee for the club I was working in which resulted in the customer paying the wrong fee (SITUATION). I realized my mistake and wanted to rectify the situation (TASK). I told the manager and they appreciated my honesty. We talked that we should waive the fee for the first three months for the new member and give him the option to cancel. I then contacted the person and went over the situation with them (ACTION). The person accepted my apology and decided to still stay with the club. I felt bad about the mistake but my manager’s calm and understanding approach helped me deal with the situation and I learnt to double check the things I now do (RESULT).The Question: Give an example of a goal you’ve reached and how you achieved it.The STAR answer:When I first started working at ZYX, I wanted to make the most sales of the month, which was a light-hearted competition our management had set (SITUATION). It wasn’t an official objective, but I felt like it would challenge me to quickly learn the ropes and perform well at my job (TASK). I focused on customer service and communication, as I felt it gave me the best chance of boosting sales. I talked with customers, better realizing their pain points and therefore, finding ways we could help them (ACTION). I ended up winning the competition within six months of starting â€" the fastest anyone had done it. I beat the next person by $100,000 and I felt proud of my achievement. Not just with beating the competition but also about taking the time to better serve the customers (RESULT).WITH STAR YOU CAN BE THE STAR OF THE JOB INTERVIEWBehavioral questions are an essential part of the job interview. They are used to look at you more closely and to analyze your fit in the organization â€" they show the interview who you are and what you’ve done in order to make certain predictions about your performance in the role.And when it comes to answering these essential questions, the STAR method is one of the best to use. It highlights just the right elements of your past performance and gives your answers the right kind of structure and level of detail.So, go over the tips and strategies in this guide and nail your next job interview!

STAR Interviewing Response Technique for Success in Behavioral Job Interviews

STAR Interviewing Response Technique for Success in Behavioral Job Interviews Behavioral questions are one of the most common types of interview questions you’ll encounter. No matter what the industry is, you’re bound to have a few of those thrown at you when you enter a job interview.So, how do you handle them and what are they really about? In this guide, you’ll encounter a strategy that’s the most effective in terms of answering a behavioral question: the STAR technique.We’ll go over:What STAR stands for?What are behavioral questions?How can STAR help with behavioral questions?What are the steps to crafting a STAR response to a behavioral question?Finally, we’ll look at a few examples to help you get started.SITUATION, TASK, ACTION, RESULTLet’s start by examining the STAR concept. It consists of four different elements, each of which can be considered a single step in your answer. It gives structure to your answer and helps you move from one important element to another, providing a thorough answer to the question at hand.The four elements of the STAR concept are:SITUATIONThe first component examines the context of your answer. You answer the question of “What were the circumstances of the thing?” and lay the foundation for the answer. You use this component as the basis, explaining in detail what kind of situation you’re about to describe.TASKYour second component in the STAR technique involves the responsibility you had in that environment. You try answering the question “What was the thing you had to do?” and outline the desired outcome. The component is not looking at what you did but rather what was expected in this situation.ACTIONYou then move on to describe the things you did to start solving the situation. You answer the question “What were the steps you took?” by showing in detail what your actions were in order to solve the task ahead of you. The component is focused on your specific actions and reasoning for those actions â€" it’s about the actual things that happened and not what should have happened.RESULTFinally, the last component of the STAR technique is the outcome aspect of it all. You seek to explain an answer to the question “What happened as a result of your actions?” and what your accomplishment or lessons learned were. The focus is on the details of the outcome and an understanding of how your actions in the previous component led to this specific outcome.By following these four components, you create a coherent, concise and detailed answer for any behavioral question you may face.THE COMMON BEHAVIOURAL INTERVIEW QUESTIONSWhen you have a group of people working towards a common mission, such as in the workplace, the employers want to know how employees will react to different circumstances. Being a good employee is not just about being able to technically perform in the role (i.e. to have the right skills) but to also be able to handle the situations that arise with the role (i.e. to have the right characteristics).Here’s a list of some of the most comm on behavioral questions:Talk about a time when you had to work closely with someone whose personality was very different from yours.Tell me about a situation you wish you’d handled differently with a colleague?Give me an example of a time when you did not meet a client’s expectation. What happened and how did you attempt to rectify the situation?How do you prioritise?Tell me about a time you’ve been under a lot of pressure. What happened and how did you handle the situation?Tell me about a time when you failed/succeeded? How did you deal with the situation?Tell me about a time when you set a goal for yourself? What was is and how did you make sure to achieve it?How do you handle managing responsibilities?Give me an example of a time you’ve persuaded someone.Tell me about a time when you were faced with a conflict. What did you do?How do you motivate yourself?What is your biggest achievement?Behavioral questions are asked to reveal three core things:How you handle specific si tuationsHow you thinkHow you compare with the other candidatesThis allows the interviewer to understand more about you as a candidate. Behavioral questions move deeper into the personality and talent you’d bring to the workplace and beyond just your technical ability to perform in the role.When you’re asked behavioral questions, the interviewer is essentially trying to find out three things about your behavior.First, they want to know how you’ve behaved in previous real-world situations. This is important because behavioral questions are not about imaginary situations â€" the interviewer is not looking to know how you would behave in a certain situation but how you have behaved.For example, a common behavioral question is to ask:Tell me about a mistake that you’ve made. How did you handle it?They don’t ask:What would you do if you ever made a mistake?The second point to remember is that the questions are looking to understand the value you’ve added to this actual situati on. The interviewer wants to know what you did and how your direct actions influenced the outcome. It’s not about what the organization did, the team did or anyone else present did â€" your actions and behaviors are what matter here.For instance, another common behavioral question is to ask:Give me an example of a difficult problem you’ve solved. How did you do it?Again, they are asking about your actions and the behaviors and actions you took to overcome the situation.Finally, the third point the interviewer is focusing on is how you define and analyze different workplace situations. This allows them to compare you to other candidates and to analyze your fit to the work environment. What this essentially means is to check how you define things like ‘failure’, ‘mistake’, and ‘success’.For example, when the interviewer asks a common behavioral question like:Can you tell me about a challenging situation you overcame at work?They aren’t just looking for you to talk ab out the actual steps and actions you took. The interviewer is also interested in seeing what kind of situation you define to be a challenge.Different people can consider very different workplace scenarios as ‘challenge’. For example, someone might talk about how the fax machine broke down while others might go on about the time a big client refused to pay.The point is not that there is necessarily a right or wrong way to define things. But it’s more about understanding your fit for the ‘pressure’ the work environment would provide.Overall, there isn’t really a right or a wrong answer to behavioral questions. Since the answer also has to be about an actual behavior you’ve shown and deal with a real-life situation, you can’t really ever find example answers that you can use.However, what you can do is use strategies that help to answer the question in the most effective way and this is why the STAR method is such a powerful thing.HOW CAN THE STAR TECHNIQUE HELP?There i s a concept and saying in psychology that says, “the best predictor of future behavior is past behavior”. This idea is behind behavioral questions and the reason STAR works so well in answering those questions.STAR looks at what you’ve done in the past in specific situations and therefore, gives the employer a window into your possible future actions. The employer can consider these together with your skills and make a balanced judgment on how well you’d be able to perform in that role.If you remember from the previous section, the interviewer is looking for three core things:How you have behaved in an actual situationHow you’ve added value to solving or dealing with that situationHow you define different common workplace situationsNow, with the STAR method, you are answering those points directly.Remember that STAR will make you:Define the SITUATION by giving the interviewer context for when you engaged in a specific behavior they are asking about. Here you are showing th e interviewer how you define the specific workplace situations they are asking about. For example, if they ask, “Tell me about a challenge you’ve overcome?” then you will not only outline the real-life situation you dealt with, but you will also show the way you define something as ‘a challenge’.Then you move on to talk about the TASK. These are the responsibilities you had in that situation. You show what your role and value was from the onset â€" you not only show what was expected of you but also discuss what you thought were expected of you. Again, you dig deeper into how you define these situations and you show how you understand your role in them.You will next highlight the ACTION. This is to show your behavior deeper and to talk about the steps you took in that specific situation to overcome it or to solve it. This needs to be detailed and concise, showing the interviewer exactly how you behaved and acted in the situation. You want to highlight each action you took and explain the reasoning behind it. Again, this is to help the interviewer to see how your past behavior would manifest in the future, in this particular position.Now, the final part is to mention the RESULTS. These are the outcomes that took place due to your behavior and actions. You show the interviewer the value you brought in reality and what the tangible results of your actions were. In addition, you want to show your understanding of what lead to those results and your ability to learn from the situation. You need to highlight your understanding of what actions lead to what outcomes and how these can help in any specific work situation.See how powerful the STAR method is? You just used it to answer all the things the interviewer wants to see when they ask behavioral questions. You show then in action how you’ve been and acted in the past to help them analyze your ability to perform in the specific role in the future.You make it easier for them to compare you with others †" they get real examples of behavior that help them evaluate the skills and the fit.3 STEPS TO PREPARE FOR BEHAVIORAL QUESTIONS WITH STARSo, how can you start using STAR to your advantage? You now have a great grasp of:The concept of STARThe reasons behavioral questions are askedThe concrete ways STAR helps to answer those questionsNow it’s time to start practicing your answers. Preparing and thinking about what answers would be good will help you nail the interview â€" you’ll have the confidence to talk about your skills and more importantly, you know just the kind of skills you need to be talking about.As we’ll discuss soon, the behavioral questions the interviewer ask will always be linked with the specifics of the role and the company. The interviewer knows the kind of skills they want the candidate to have, the challenges they’ll be faced with and so on.Now it’s the candidate’s job to show that they do have those skills, they do know how to overcome those specific c hallenges and so on.So, how do you go about ensuring your behavioral question follows the STAR strategy and highlights the right qualifications and skills for the job?Here are three simple steps to take to prepare for behavioral questions with STAR.1. Make a list of your skills and your experiencesYou should start by creating a list of your skills and experiences. These should be essential for performing well and succeeding in the role you are applying for.What this means is not just listing skills and qualifications you have â€" as you will have many of them! The point is to focus on those core skills that you need in this particular role.In order to figure out what those are, you need to look at the job listing. You should read it, underlining any skill and experience the employer mentions. Then write them down in the below chart:THE SKILLS THE EMPLOYER IS LOOKING FOR:You can list as many and as few as needed. The key is to find those core skills and characteristics that would hel p you in the role and the specific work environment.You can then move on to focusing on the skills you have. The dream is to be able to manifest those exact skills. So you could simply underline the ones you know you have in green.But consider also other skills you have that the employer hasn’t mentioned but which you know would help. These could be closely related to the skills the employer mentions and transferable skills you have.MY BEST SKILLS TO HELP PERFORM AND TO SUCCEED IN THIS ROLE:2. Pick an example of a time you showcased that skill or experienceNow, you have the skills listed. You know what the employer is looking for and the skills your answers should highlight. It is time to show those skills in action.The next step is about matching each of those skills with a real-life example. You want to find the SITUATION in STAR. You want to pick something you’ve done, dealt with, accomplished and so on â€" to give the context to your skill and characteristics.At this point, you don’t have to consider STAR just yet. You simply want to have a rough idea of an example that highlights a skill. Indeed, it’s a good idea to have two examples for a single skill to ensure you can showcase single skill in different ways â€" depending on the question, you can pick the more suited answer then.Of course, it will be even better if you can find an example of a situation that’s similar to something you might deal with in your new role. For example, if the job involves a lot of customer service, then try to come up with examples that highlight your skills and experience of actual customer service situations.So use the below chart to list the skills and characteristics you have and then match them with suitable real-life examples.THE SKILLSTHE EXAMPLE3. Write down the STAR functionsFinally, it’s time to bring out the STAR template and go through each of your examples, giving them the STAR treatment. What you can do is use the below template, filling in the impor tant points as you go along.SKILL AND EXAMPLE SITUATION:SITUATIONWho? What? Where? When? How?TASKWhat were the deadlines? What were the costs? What did it involve? What was required?ACTIONWhat did you do? What steps did you take? How did you take them?RESULTWhat happened? Why did it happen?You can use the questions as guidance when writing your answer.At this point, you can write is as close to an oral answer you might give. You can even sample some of the most common behavioral questions with your answers. The key is to learn to highlight your skill, use real examples as your answers, and master the STAR strategy.Of course, you don’t want to learn the answers by heart and simply read them off like a script when at the interview. However, it still helps to practice the strategy and to think about the examples beforehand â€" it helps you give a good answer confidently.A FEW EXAMPLE BEHAVIOR JOB INTERVIEW QUESTIONS AND STAR RESPONSESTo bring it all home, it’s a good idea to examin e a few examples. Here are three core behavioral questions that are almost unanimously asked in job interviews. Below you can also find an example answer to the question, highlighting the STAR strategy.The Question: Tell me about a time when you showed leadership. What did you do?The STAR answer:In my previous job, we had multiple requests for customer follow-ups after we held a conference (SITUATION). Due to one of our team members being sick, we started having a large backlog and customers complained that we’re taking too long to get back to them (TASK). I realized some of the customers had said they’d be OK if we follow-up on the weekends, so I asked one of the team members to contact the list first and to setup interviews for weekend, if possible. I then worked on the weekend to clear the backlog (ACTION). We ended up clearing the list and acquired 8 new customers, with $100,000 in new sales (RESULT).The Question: Have you ever made a mistake? How did you handle it?The STAR answer:Once I misquoted a fee for the club I was working in which resulted in the customer paying the wrong fee (SITUATION). I realized my mistake and wanted to rectify the situation (TASK). I told the manager and they appreciated my honesty. We talked that we should waive the fee for the first three months for the new member and give him the option to cancel. I then contacted the person and went over the situation with them (ACTION). The person accepted my apology and decided to still stay with the club. I felt bad about the mistake but my manager’s calm and understanding approach helped me deal with the situation and I learnt to double check the things I now do (RESULT).The Question: Give an example of a goal you’ve reached and how you achieved it.The STAR answer:When I first started working at ZYX, I wanted to make the most sales of the month, which was a light-hearted competition our management had set (SITUATION). It wasn’t an official objective, but I felt like it would challenge me to quickly learn the ropes and perform well at my job (TASK). I focused on customer service and communication, as I felt it gave me the best chance of boosting sales. I talked with customers, better realizing their pain points and therefore, finding ways we could help them (ACTION). I ended up winning the competition within six months of starting â€" the fastest anyone had done it. I beat the next person by $100,000 and I felt proud of my achievement. Not just with beating the competition but also about taking the time to better serve the customers (RESULT).WITH STAR YOU CAN BE THE STAR OF THE JOB INTERVIEWBehavioral questions are an essential part of the job interview. They are used to look at you more closely and to analyze your fit in the organization â€" they show the interview who you are and what you’ve done in order to make certain predictions about your performance in the role.And when it comes to answering these essential questions, the STAR method is one of the best to use. It highlights just the right elements of your past performance and gives your answers the right kind of structure and level of detail.So, go over the tips and strategies in this guide and nail your next job interview!

Socrates s Philosophy On Moral Life - 1960 Words

Socrates makes a profound impact in our minds through his wisdom, his power of critical thinking, moral strength and intelligence. In the end it is Plato who immortalizes Socrates in the popular imagination as a man of profound knowledge. Socrates’ effectiveness as a philosopher depended as much on the strength and interest of his personality as on the power of his mind. Socrates’ philosophy was based on discovering the truth, understanding moral life and talking about the elements that make up a good life. In my judgment, one of the most important things about Socrates quest was, indeed, the persistent habit and practice of being critical and thoughtful, not being truly blind to one s own groundless convictions and assumptions. Contemplation and critical self awareness as a way of worthy life is what Socrates stands for. So, therefore, he adopted questioning people about their knowledge as the foremost maxim for his life, and that is why he ultimately believed that th e unexamined life is not worth living. Real life, according to Socrates, is not something that is just to be lived, lived by adapting blindly and head strong primal instincts, popular convictions, or time long honored customs. The good life is a life that questions and thinks about things, it is a life of observation, contemplation, self examination, and open minded wondering. The good life is a kind of life that should be devoid of all types of injustice and corruption. Socrates ultimately believes that,Show MoreRelatedPlato, An Ancient Greek Philosopher1458 Words   |  6 Pagesfree thinker and lived in a free city, Athens. He was taught by multiple teachers including Socrates who was frequently mentioned in his writings as the central character. 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The name of the speech stems from the Greek word apologia, which translatesRead MoreEssay on The Nature of Socratic Philosophy516 Words   |  3 PagesSocratic Philosophy The original word for philosophy steams from the Greek word philosopha,meaning love of wisdom. Although Socrates himself never claimed to have any answers to the questions he raised, his views and methods of philosophy are the cornerstone of what philosophy is today. The nature of philosophy, as viewed by Socrates, is centred around the wellness of the soul, virtue being defined as knowledge and the pursuit of truth through the questioning of beliefs. Socrates heavilyRead MoreSocrates : The Suicide Of Socrates1405 Words   |  6 PagesSocrates was born in 470 BCE in Athens, Greece. His father was Sophroniscus, a sculptor and stone mason from Athens and his mother was a midwife by the name of Phaenarete (30 Interesting Socrates Facts 2014). 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I started to be interested by the big mustache of the author on the cover page of his book Le Gai Savoir, because I knew, of course, that all authors with big mustache – such as Victor Hugo and Albert Einstein – wrote about great things! So I started to read Nietzsche s works. Then, one day, my dad caught me reading Le Gai Savoir and he told me that this philosopherRead MoreWhat Good Is Good?1716 Words   |  7 Pageswould be someone that does no wrong and lives an honest life. So my question is what really is good? If there is good does there also have to be bad and evil? Are bad and evil the same thing or do they have different meanings as well? Each philosopher, Socrates, Plato and Augustine, had their own idea of what good mean t to them and even though they had similar thoughts on what good was they had different ideas of where it came from. Socrates was known to be one of the greatest philosophers of theRead MoreStrengths And Weaknesses Of Socrates1663 Words   |  7 Pages Socrates is known in today’s world as one of the greatest philosophers in history. Born in 469 BC just outside of Athens, Socrates was properly brought up and thoroughly educated, he developed both physical and mental strengths. Socrates spent time with the philosopher Archelaus, where he studied astronomy, mathematics, and was introduced to philosophy. Archelaus taught with a scientific approach. Socrates turned from this approach and created his own. He decided instead of trying to understandRead MoreSocrates s View Of Justice1676 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"But when Socrates was busying himself with ethical questions to the complete neglect of nature as a whole, and was seeking in them for the universal and directing the mind for the first time to definitions, Plato, accepting his teaching, came to the conclusion that it applied to something other than the sensible world: the common definition, he reasoned, could not apply to any of the sensible, since they were always ch anging,† (Guthrie). Socrates was constantly wrapped up in thought about how the

Literary Analysis Of Alice Walker s The Color Purple

Sisterhood and Feminism: A Literary Analysis of Alice Walker’s The Color Purple Behind every beautiful thing, there s some kind of pain. The color purple represents royalty and nobility, which can be use to describe the personality of Celie and Nettie and their value of life. Purple is created by combining a strong warm with a strong cool color. The one color contain two completely opposite colors which represent price of royalty and nobility. The Color Purple using epistolary style to describe black woman Celie and her suffering life. The book has fully expressed the idea of feminism and the ideological changes of black women trammeled by unequal idea. Giving an examination of black women s state of life under the racial and sexual oppression. The purpose of this book is not to show the inequality between black people and white people, but to discuss the relationship between black man and black women. Alice Walker shows the ideal relationship between black people by means of describing the sisterhood between Celia and Nettie. The novel is mainly focused on the growth and development of the sisterhood between Celie and Nettie. In Objectification theory (1997), Frederickson and Roberts postulates that : Many women are sexually objectified and treated as an object to be valued for its use by. So occurs when a woman s body or body parts are singled out and separated from her as aperson and she are viewed primarily as a physical objectShow MoreRelatedThe Color Purple By Alice Walker1540 Words   |  7 Pages Alice Walker is an award winning   author, most famously recognized for her novel   The Color Purple ;aside from being a novelist Walker is also a poet,essayist and activist .Her writing explores various social aspects as it concerns women and also celebrates political as well as social revolution. Walker has gained the reputation of being a prominent spokesperson and a symbolic figure for black feminism. Proper analyzation   of Walker s work comes from the   knowledge on her early life, educationalRead MoreReader-Response Criticism: Langston Hughes’ Dream Boogie1222 Words   |  5 PagesLiterature† by R. Wayne Clugton gives us a brief overview on Literary Criticism. Literary Criticism is defined as â€Å"†¦an informed response a person makes to literature after openly (imaginatively) experiencing it†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Clugton, R. W., 2010). This, in Laymen’s terms, means that one would make their own analysis or describe a literary work after they have fully read it and came to their own conclusion. After Clugton explains what Literary Criticism is, he went a step further to explain to the readerRead MoreThe Color Purple By Alice Walker1445 Words   |  6 Pages Oppression and Strength In Alice walker’s â€Å"The Color Purple† she uses foil characters such as Celie and Shug to express the polar opposites that are inevitably found when abuse occurs. Celie represents submission and low self value. Shug on the other hand represents Independence and intolerance. Both characteristics coincide bringing forth friendship and change. In the book â€Å"The Color Purple† the writer Alice Walker illustrates a story of bravery, struggle and oppressionRead MoreAlice Malsenior6001 Words   |  25 PagesAlice Walker: Peeling an Essence As an African- American novelist, short–story writer, essayist, poet, critic, and editor, Alice Walker’s plethora of literary works examines many aspects of African American life as well as historical issues that are further developed by Walker’s unique point of view. Writers like Alice Walker make it possible to bring words and emotions to voices and events that are often silenced. Far from the traditional image of the artist, she has sought what amounts to aRead MoreBeloved: Critique with New Historicism1749 Words   |  7 Pageshistory unfolds. Critically this novel is recognized as one of the greatest works on the subject of slaverys impact on the slaves, the owners, the past, and Americas future. In this analysis of Beloved, the characteristics of new historicism will be used to evaluate this literary piece. New Historicism is a literary critique theory founded primarily by Stephen Greenblatt in the early 1980s. What began as a critique by Greenblatt of Shakespearean works became an improved theory of criticism. TheRead More Censorship in the Classroom Essay2774 Words   |  12 Pagesliterature and the language arts are affected by censorship. Finally, we will preview how censorship can be taught in the classroom, to prevent some of tomorrows censorship cases. I never knew a girl who was ruined by a book. * James Walker (Quotations, 1997, 2). When I was in elementary school, I read every Judy Blume book I could get my hands on. I cried through three readings of Katherine Patersons Bridge to Terribithia and scared myself with every Stephen King novel I could

How to Write a Nursing Essay Introduction on How My Values Align with the H Ideas

How to Write a Nursing Essay Introduction on How My Values Align with the H Ideas Up in Arms About How to Write a Nursing Essay Introduction on How My Values Align with the H? Long study hours in nursing school Nursing school is remarkably challenging and demands an enormous amount of study time. Nursing theory is the terminology that's provided to the knowledge body that's used to support nursing practices. Nursing is a tremendously hard job that's extremely rewarding sometimes. People who want to go into nursing must look at the many pros and con that are connected with nursing. With the aging population issue being currently among the most significant for the children that are searching for an acceptable nursing home for their parents or relatives, it's becoming an important question in their opinion. In the present healthcare system, there's still a systemic bias which favors non-Indigenous folks. Therefore, the residents aren't provided with the service they require and their needs aren't taken care of. The aging population class is thought of as the big consumer of the resources supplied by healthcare. Another discouraging fact is that how much time it can take for a new behaviour to turn into automatic will be dependent on the individual and their circumstances. At present, a number of the communities might not have facilities offered for the separate situations occurred because of illness that might be possibly carried by the individual and the urgent attention may not be paid in due course only for the reasons of understaffed homes. So, besides affecting yourself you also influence your relationships with family members and friends. Anyone who can handle the cons given below, and not listed, is a person who's going to earn a tremendous nurse. Another consideration is, obviously, the fact of your circumstances. In addition, don't self-censor believing your values must be worthy in some manner. You may not have taken the chance to explore your own personal values or it might be some time since you considered them. The academic purpose ought to be present. Your readers should comprehend the major flow. You must extract the principal thoughts of the author and make an article based on his suggestions and goals he was attempting to reach. This post is the consequence of that time away. It's possible to even quote some sections of the interview for improved expression of your own suggestions and thoughts. It is possible to discover quite a few resources that will help you on your self-awareness journey. In case the length isn't specified, utilize no more than two pages. You might already have an excellent fit between values and career, or there may be a mismatch. Just follow it and your primary direction. New Questions About How to Write a Nursing Essay Introduction on How My Values Align with the H The essay ought to be presented professionally, utilizing the suitable format and a sound structure. Lastly, it should be referenced in the right manner. Such essay would not be possible to read due to its faulty logic. Your essay shouldn't be a free-flowing analysis. We give a platform at which you can directly get in touch with your writer this can cut back communication barrier. If you are going to order from our affordable essay writing service, there is going to be a personal consultant who will assist you in composing the paper in addition to the sound structure that's composed of 3 primary structural elements. It's an academic job, and your writing should fit. To begin with, the introduction has to be discussed, this is the way you will plan to answer a few of the questions in the paper. Writing your paper The nursing essay paper extends to you with the occasion to show you know how about the topic issue. While you're learning how to compose a nursing essay, it is imperative that you plan carefully. Planning your paper As you learn to compose a nursing essay, it's important to do a little bit of planning. Finally, your nursing essay has to be correctly referenced.

Ethics in Child and Youth Development free essay sample

More so, one can expect to see a case study of an unethical practice that occurred at an orphanage in Zimbabwe. Just before the conclusion there is going to be a section of a reflection on how far the care of children came over the centuries and how it has affected the writer. Gharabaghl (2008:185) points out that the centrality of the concept of relationship within Child and Youth Care practice, it is clear that values are an important element of that practice. So much so that it is rather very difficult to imagine Child and Youth Care practice unfolding in the absence of any role or value. This then shows that in order for the organization to be a successful one people have to be able to follow a certain way of carrying out their different tasks. Hence ethical practice is important. It of paramount importance to take note that, personal values are shaped by our past, present and future thus people have different values. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethics in Child and Youth Development or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Therefore, in order to engage with children and youth one should be able to not allow ones’ values to provide a framework for ones’ thoughts of action in an unfettered manner or each agrees to mitigate or transcend specific values in order to limit the range of acceptable interventions and interactions. This is because if there is acceptance of the unfettered presence and impact of values in work, the risk of exposing or impacting children with harmful or negative interventions is great. A very good example is that many individuals view corporal punishment as deeply embedded not only as an acceptable practice but also as a core component of the value system related to raising and disciplining children. As a profession however, child and youth care practice does not accept the value system of endorsing corporal punishment. Furthermore, Banks (1999:56) postulate that, ethical values are important because ethics can serve as a bridge between differences within ones’ personal values and value systems of the profession and on the other hand the rights and well being of children and youth as determined by a broad social, legal and cultural consensus about the rules and methods of professional engagement with children and youth. Hence the presence of certain values gives room for professionalism thus when the practitioners are dealing with decision making it will not be biased because no personal values would have been used. Additionally, Sercombe (1998:35) mentions the following as unethical practices in the field of child and youth. These are selling of drugs to young people, having sexual relationships with them, sharing pornographic videos, embezzling agency funds and turning up to work drunk These are just some of the many unethical things that can happen in this field. Every action that one takes whether good or bad always has consequence. There might delay but they always come. In this case if one who was entrusted with children does something that is against the organizations’ values they have to pay the consequences. For instance if one decides to turn up to work drunk those in authority after giving the person warnings have to fire that person. This is so because the practitioner in question might be bad influence to the children. And at the end of the day the reputation of the organization will be in jeopardy. Another consequence of unethical practice that can be faced by a practitioner in the field of child and youth care work might be imprisonment depending on the unethical practice. In the case of one whom rapes children in his care, stiffer penalties like life imprisonment should be given. This is so because if such people are kept around chances are that they might continue with their behaviors or others practitioners might repeat the same error because they will be confident that no punishment would be given to them. It is also important for one to note that if unethical practices occur it might affect the whole organization in the sense that they may lack funding from their sponsors which will result in the suffering of the children. In the following paragraph is gong to be an example of an unethical practice that was done by a practitioner in the field and the consequences that he faced. A man in Zimbabwe, who used to be a practitioner in the field of child and youth care work, had the tendency of sexually abusing young girls at the orphanage that he worked. When his actions became known by the authorities investigations were made and he was found guilty of raping about ten young girls. He got the sentence of life imprisonment. This is a really sad thing to happen to someone who had vowed to work with children because being in the field is a clear indication that one loves children and that one has personal strong ethical beliefs. The development of the field of child and youth care as a profession is in my opinion the best thing that has happened to children because now the orphaned and the homeless have people who are specialized in taking care of them. This move of making child and youth care work to be a profession has made me realize that taking care of children and youth is of great value and should be taken seriously. Professionalization will always have its risks. Ethical problems, lack of clarity, conflict of interest, misinterpretation and lack of discipline are there but it is important to uphold the ethics and values of the profession. This is so because it will help the organization to reach its goals which is to ensure that every child in need is given attention and that the children’s’ needs are met. Practitioners who do not abide by the code of ethics of the profession should be given stiffer penalties. All in all ethical practice is very important in the field of child and youth care work.

Inequality and American Democracy

Introduction The Americans are globally famous for their relentless support for democratic governance. Jacobs et al asserts that the ideals of democratically responsive governance are highly cherished by the American people (3). Ironically, the situation is markedly different within the American government even as they actively support democracy in other countries. With the growing inequality issues in the country, the ideals of democratic governance have been highly compromised.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Inequality and American Democracy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The major disparities existing are mostly noticeable within the public domain (Jacobs et al. 3). Primarily, the issue is about income differences, opportunities for wealth creation and equal citizenship (Jacobs et al. 3). These gaps are growing rapidly in the United States compared to any other country in the world. Yet the US still conside rs herself the world’s greatest advocates of democracy. The American government is making little or no progress in the efforts to realize the democratic ideals set forth by the founding fathers of the nation. Equal rights The American society is the most culturally diverse in the world and this comes with a number of challenges as well. There were steps made to achieve equality in the 1950s and 1960s at the height of racism. Racial segregation and exclusion became illegal and socially unacceptable hence moving a step towards equality (Jacobs et al. 4). This allowed the white and black community to access education in the same schools and get access to health services in the same health facilities. This was a good gesture towards democratic governance. It is also worth noting that major gender based barriers started to break down during the same time and women were empowered to pursue academic, political, and economic opportunities just as men did (Jacobs et al. 4). Other marg inalized groups like the Latin Americans also got access to equal rights on an equal footing with the rest of the Americans. Notably, the previous barriers that promoted inequalities such as race, gender, ethnicity to mention but a few do not exist today. Nonetheless, new barriers that are fostering inequality in the American society have emerged and they are rapidly spreading within the government and the country at large posing a threat to the realization of democracy. The greatest of these barriers is the gaps in income and wealth between the Americans (Jacobs et al. 4). The gap between the rich and the poor is greatly increasing owing to disparities in income especially in the private and the civil sectors. This gap is increasingly creating a major segregation in the job market as well as in schools and colleges. Apparently, the rich and the wealthy are better positioned to cease opportunities that are out of reach for the middle and lower income classes. Consequently, the rich are in a position to get richer while limiting access to resources by the poor man. That is why the saying that the rich will continue to get rich while the poor man becomes poorer is very true.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Some element of racist treatments is also present in school among students. In America today, one has to work very hard in order to maintain his or her current economic position (Jacobs et al. 5). One would expect that through hard work, there would be an upward mobility in the economic ladder but that is not normally the case in the US. Inequality in contributions on national matters Voicing the needs of the American people has never been easy and only a selected few can do this. The opportunity to exercise one’s right in the US does not come easily as there are factors that influence the ear of the government. These factors include a high income, occup ational or career success, and high levels of academic achievements (Jacobs et al. 4). Members who fit in these criteria are more likely to participate in political, social, and economic decision-making process than the ordinary citizen is. Government officials are more likely to listen to the needs of such elite citizens and deliver on their demands more promptly. Unfortunately, this is the bitter truth and the reality of the American government amidst its call for democratic governance around the world. Voting turnout has also declined since the beginning of the 21st century when the income gap began to grow rapidly. Statistics show that the majority who vote are also the elite while the low-income earners decline to exercise their democratic right to cast their votes. How does the decline of voter turnout relate to inequality? A number of decisive factors discourage or make the voting process a struggle for the electorate. The economic inequality is a major factor that discourage s the less economically privileged eligible voters from voting. There are also some laws in some states that forbid the minority from voting and a good example is the law forbidding prisoners and former prisoners from voting (Verba, Lehman, and Brady 1). In addition, the current methods of campaigns are keen on raising funds and persuading the already existing voters to vote. A more different approach is necessary to woo the non-voting yet eligible voters to get out and exercise their rights. Through campaign contributions, the rich and wealthy folks have a leeway to express and voice their demands as the platform gives them an advantage over the poor folks. Today, one can only gain justice and political influence through money and affluence thus leaving the poor man out of the standard bar. The least contributors in the national campaigns are the poor ordinary citizens while the few political donors are in charge in the political arena due to their financial influence. In order to exercise the rights of citizenship, one requires resources and skills. These requirements are only accessible to the wealthy hence the inequality. People with higher education and great careers such as doctors and lawyers among other professional have more confidence to speak compared to an ordinary citizen working as subordinate staff. Naturally, the nature of American politics gives no voice to the poor while the rich and affluent get enough attention at the expense of the poor man.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Inequality and American Democracy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Jacobs et al argues that three quarters of the well-off citizens are in one way or another associated with an organization that has great influence on the political arena (10). They also noted in their research that half of the wealthiest people in America are in contact with public officials. This gives the rich double access to publ ic resources compared to the middle and low-income earners in the US (Freeman). Government responses Government officials are highly influenced by the privileged citizens. The response of the government today in America no longer represents the will of the majority. A selected few wealthy men and women determine the future of the vast majority which is not a principle of democracy. Money has become the essential for government attention. Ironically, the already wealthy and advantaged citizens who are able to take care of themselves are the most catered for by the government. Democratic rule should ensure equality and fairness with the majority influencing the political stands. Nonetheless, in America, it is a reversed role since the minorities hold the realms of power while the majorities ride under the mercies of the few wealthy citizens. Through money, the wealthy establish relationships with government officials creating a connection that enables them to access national resources that are out of the ordinary peoples reach. This gives them a further advantage despite the fact that they already have an advantage over the poor with their wealth and money. This disparity is among the issues that are widening the gap between the rich and the poor. The gap grows wider because the more one earns, the more they gain access to resources and consequently the further the resources get away from the poor man’s reach. The effect is cyclic in that one direction influences the other. The affluent also influence government policies as well and normally, policies will always consider the needs and demands of the wealthy business communities and organized groups (Frankenberg, Orfield, and Lee). The government is always bias when responding to national issues normally bending to the side that favors the rich (Skrentny). The government is moving towards a more tragic direction by allowing a few affluent individuals to take the country hostage. The lack of spread opportu nities and the gap between the rich and the poor is a disastrous condition in any economy. What this does is that the ordinary citizen will get discouraged and be reluctant to participate in national activities. This may include voting and working, which contributes to the national financial muscles, to mention but a few. Conclusion In the United States of America, democracy is only known theoretically and not as a practical state of affair. This paper has established the facts about government inequality and bias treatment of its citizens. The striking income disparity in the country is not a good example of a democratic nation since it is in contradiction with the idea of democracy. In the above research, it is clear that democracy is not as easy to achieve as it sounds and the quality of political leaders as well as the political will to pursue democratic governance highly counts.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The financial gap between the American citizens is creating a division not only affecting social interaction but also economic and political well-being. The voter turnout for instance has been on the decline since the beginning of the 21st century just when the gap begun to build up. This clearly means that income disparities greatly influence the political structure of a country. Democracy is a good leadership model that allows for equal social, economic, and political opportunities for all citizens without favoritism. The government under democratic principles must always work towards engaging the majority rule and open access of power and influence to the majority as opposed to a select few. That is the real essence of democratic governance. Works Cited Frankenberg, Erica, Chumgmei Lee, and Gary Orfield. A Multiracial Society with Segregated Schools: Are We Losing the Dream? Cambridge, MA: Harvard Civil Rights Project, 2002. Print. Freeman, Richard. Working under Different Rules. A National Bureau of Economic Research Project Report, New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation, 1994. Print. Jacobs, Lawrence, and Robert Shapiro. Politicians Don’t Pander Political Manipulation and the Loss of Democratic Responsiveness, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000. Print. Jacobs, Lawrence et al. American Democracy in an Age of Rising Inequality.  Task Force on Inequality and American Democracy American Political Science Association. 5 Sep. 2012. Web. Skrentny, John. The Minority Rights Revolution, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002. Print. Verba, Sidney, Kay Lehman, and Henry Brady. Voice and Equality: Civic Voluntarism in American Politics, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995. Print. This essay on Inequality and American Democracy was written and submitted by user Joslyn Carver to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Leadership Qualities Essays - Christian Soteriology, Free Essays

Leadership Qualities Essays - Christian Soteriology, Free Essays Leadership Qualities The most meaningful and challenging experiences in my life have been through sports and the 4-H club. They have instilled the values of perseverance, confidence, and teamwork within me. I feel that my peers and others could learn valuable life lessons through participating in these organizations. They are not just clubs, but a guiding light for life. For example in sports I have had the opportunity to play on both losing and winning teams. This has given me a different perspective of looking at things. I now realize that even if you fail or lose that is no reason to give up, you still have to get right back up. Just realize your mistakes and errors. Then come back the next time, mentally and physically, ready to meet the challenge. To often in life youth and adults alike fail at something and automatically think that they cannot do it, and give up. Instead of just pushing themselves to run another lap, lift another set, study for another hour, or learn another theorem. Imagine a world if the early American settlers had given in to the British, if the North had given in to the South after the first loss of the civil war, or if Michael Jordan had given up after being cut from the team in high school. People just need to learn to have perseverance and believe in themselves. 4-H has been a series of stepping stones for me. When I first started out at age four I was shy and afraid to do things that I had not done before, but now I have blossomed into a confident and outgoing young man. I no longer fear getting up in front of large groups and speaking because of the experiences I've had in public speaking events. In addition, 4-H has given me the chance to develop myself as a leader. Over the years I have held various leadership positions on the club, county, and district levels. Also, 4-H has given me the chance to go into the community and help people by leading youth in workshops, assisting the handicap and elderly, and also learn from what others have to teach. In both of these organizations I learned the need for teamwork. For example last year my football team went 0-11 and the main reason because of that was we were not a team. Everyone had there own agendas and goals that they wanted to accomplish. In addition, if we were down everyone would try to put the blame on someone else instead of trying to lift one another up. It took us a while, but we finnaly learned that we must ban together as one. This year we are playing as a team and winning games.To often in life people tend to act like this, pulling someone down to make themselves look good for ther own personal gratifacation. People could learn from this mistake that my team made last year and start helping one another. So fellow students I say to you, when you are in a jam and breaking into a cold sweat and your first desire is to give up or quit, rethink the problem. Then be up and about the task at hand. When you try and reach out to give others a helping hand you not only help them, but you will be giving yourself a boost too.

Should people be allowed to keep pitbulls Research Paper

Should people be allowed to keep pitbulls - Research Paper Example According to some sources, it is believed that â€Å"currently the breed of choice for dog fighters, pit bulls are forced to fight, they do not choose to fight.† (Aavenge.com) Even Christine Hibbard, CTC, CPDT, reported once that â€Å"No, we do not believe that Pit Bulls are inherently dangerous.† (Companionanimalsolutions.com) There are many reasons of as to why people should be allowed to keep Pit Bulls and there should not be any ban enforced in keeping them as it will not benefit the safety of the society. Firstly, as it is known that this particular breed of dog has a bad reputation because of being aggressive and violent. It totally depends on the owner as how he trains and keeps them. It will be very biased to ban them only on the type of dog. Secondly, the Pit Bulls do not require much grooming as â€Å"Their short coat is very low maintenance and they can be bathed in very little time, not that they need to be bathed often.† (Petfinder) â€Å"Pit Bulls are wonderful animals that deserve a chance to have a good life like any other dog.† (Villalobos Rescue Center) There are reports that more people have faced death by the domestic rats than Pit Bulls. It is a myth that people say Pit Bulls attack more towards the people than any other breed of dog. However, Pit Bulls do not have the strongest of jaws; it is considered as the weakest among all breeds. What makes Pit Bulls as one of the most popular and demanding type of breed is that they are very loyal to their owners. It is said that the man has made a friend for life when he buys and owns a Pit Bull. There is a same response from the dog as well as they love their owners and they do not discriminate between the mankind. But, one of the best reasons, in my opinion is that Pit Bulls do smile provides a metal boost and confidence to their owners. If the owner of Pit

Critically Review the Marketing And Corporate Communications Essay

Critically Review the Marketing And Corporate Communications Approaches Used By a Company Of Your Choice To Transmit Information - Essay Example Let us look at marketing and corporate communication approaches taken by Kenya Power Company to promote its image and to realize profit maximization. Kenya Power is a public utility company charged with the responsibility of retailing, supplying and transmitting electricity within Kenya. Marketing entails presenting, selling and advertising a product in the best way possible. The ultimate goal of the same is to build a good name and use the same to enhance improved and sustainable profits. On the other hand, corporate communication refers to a management function that controls and coordinates both internal and external communication with the core objective of maintaining a good reputation with stakeholders and all those the organization depends on (Cornelisen 2010, p.4.). From the definition, it is clear that marketing is closely related to corporate communications and are both meant to create and sustain a good image of an organization. The paper will critically review the marketing and corporate communication approaches that are used by the Kenya Power. To critically review is to carefully examine, express and explain disapprovals of something with the view of changing it if necessary. According to Cornelisen (2010, p.7), one of the approaches of corporate communications is the enhancement of corporate identity. Corporate identity is often coined in the mission and vision statements of an organization. ... This mission is designed to please the customers who are the consumers of the precious commodity, energy, from the Kenya power. This is a very good mission on papers but the question is, do the customers really have better lives, the answer is no since the Kenyan population still witness numerous power interruptions, electric faults causing fire outbreaks, and high prices that keep on escalating. This phenomenon is detrimental to the economic growth of the country and the company. The Kenya Power should have a mission that they live up to. The vision of this company is, â€Å"to provide a world class power that delights our customers.† This is a good desire but a lot still needs to be done to realize this vision and in so doing, customer satisfaction and quality service should be the core concern. Claywood ( 1997, p.8) states that â€Å"it is far less costly to keep a customer than to find a new one.† To find a new customer, an organization has to invest enormously in a dvertisement as an approach in marketing. Advertisement involves relaying persuasive information with the aim of luring customers to use a product. Advertisement is very critical in the expansion, sustainability and fair competition of any company. It involves the use of media outlets like television, radio, print media and billboards among others. To be able to compete fairly with other businesses, good strategies and far reaching advertisement is core. Kenya Power is a public utility company that enjoys monopoly of transmitting and distributing electricity in Kenya. This is why it has not been very aggressive in advertisement, for example, a serious issue like power

Nationalisation of Royal Bank of Scotland

Nationalisation of Royal Bank of Scotland Purpose The purpose of this report is to discuss the change in Royal Bank of Scotland indicated by the companys nationalization in 2008. Shareholders lost the most part of the company in favour of the government and management of the bank had to be changed. The purpose will be fulfilled by analyzing the process of nationalization and its implications for RBS. Theoretical literature provides a lot of models of change management and strategic management. For example, Ansoff (1987) model suggests four quadrants of strategy. Companies can grow by penetrating the market and winning larger market share while competitors share will shrink. Firms can also develop their key products which are their strength and this will be a strategy for expansion. The third Ansoffs (1987) strategy would be to diversify the products and operations to achieve growth. Finally, the company can choose to pursue market development which is entering new geographical areas or new niches that will help generate higher revenue. The case of RBS represents this final model of market development. The banks pursued the new market of mortgage backed securities in the US through acquisition of ABN Amro. This strategy appeared to be unsuccessful and led the bank into a position where accounting losses reached tremendous value of over 30 billion pounds in 2008 and led to national ization of the bank by the UK government. Company Overview Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc is a banking corporation with its branch Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) that is spread around United Kingdom with almost 700 sub-branches, located in Scotland, England and Wales and is one of the largest banks in UK. It was founded in 1727 and is the first bank introducing overdraft availability to its clients. Since its foundation, RBS expanded greatly, with big number of acquisition deals, such as its acquisition of NatWest Group in 2000, First Active (Ireland), Charter One (USA) , Churchill Insurance (UK) and ABN Amro (Netherlands) in 2007 (House of Commons Treasury Committee, 2008). The Royal Bank of Scotland still uses a privilege of printing its own banknotes. Until 2009, it was one of the main shareholders of the Bank of China, but had to sell its shares after the global financial crisis impact. RSB is still in the list of worlds largest banks, being on 6th position in 2003, 10th in 2007 and 19th in 2008 (Financial Ranks Online, 2009). Financial performance of RBS was changing in the last years. In 2005 group operating profit rose by 16%, with total dividend for the year increase by 25%, with capital and earnings increase. During 2006, RBS showed great results and continuing growth, with increased dividends by 25% with total income growth by 10%. With unstable position in the market and in global financial system, RBS had some problems, but managers were working toward control of the situation, however growth of the operating profit decreased by 9%, earnings per share by 18% and return on equity 19.9%. The company faced big net losses of around 7.9 billion pounds. In the 2009 bank entered hard times with reorganization in management field and in structure. (RBS Annual Report, 2005-2009). Due to changing situation in the global economy, in 2008 Royal Bank of Scotland announced its greatest loss in the banks history with the amount of 692 million pounds that was connected to unhealthy loans and 71 billion pounds as a result of incorrect deal of acquiring ABN Amro (Bradley, 2009). Prior to the global financial crisis RBS have had great profit margins and was a respected brand with long history. And it is necessary to mention that the bank was at great position in terms of facing crisis, with little impact until the decision of getting ABN Amro, which brought various problems. In 2008-2009 UK citizens were under shock of the fact that one of the largest UK banking system representatives had incredible losses and unpredictable future. At this position RBS had one way to survive seek government support. However not all UK banks suffered from consequences of global financial crisis, which can be connected with accurate and carefully planned management strategy. RBS have got some capital of about 2 billion pounds from selling its share in Bank of China and after giving up part of Linea Directa, a Spanish insurance company for about 4.5 billion pounds. However, it did not help to make a radical change of the situation (Bradley, 2009). According to Hester, current Chief Executive of the RBS Group (2009), great losses of the Group had nothing to do with management of businesses as their performance was profitable. However problems appeared mainly in two divisions Global Banking Markets and Asia Retail Commercial Banking. Their profits were crushed by market and credit losses, within fast changes in the economic conditions. At the same time top managers of the Royal Bank of Scotland were facing risks of acquisition and had limited time to make decisions. Global financial crisis had its impact in different countries, affecting economies and markets especially in terms of exchange rates. Here, decrease in sterling exchange rate had an influence on further performance of the bank and changing market position intensified the situation (Hester, 2009). In spite of the fact that financial situation became critical for many banks, RBS was still having serious and stable business. Top management was taking steps to recover from crisis consequences, in order to return capital and provide stable ground for future operation such steps included applying to government support. The strategic plan for recovery was supposed to be finished in 2009, meanwhile the focus is on long-term customer franchises, quality and profitability. Royal Bank of Scotland can be an example of the fact that in terms of global financial crisis even big and powerful organisations can face danger. It is the biggest UK company that suffered from the global economic crash. Today it is still far from recovery, having bad loans and loss before tax in the beginning of 2009 was around 44 million pounds. From the forecasts, 2009 and 2010 will still be challenging for the RBS with main focus on debt returns. Now, after current management revision, directors of RBS are more confident of future recovery and success (The Telegraph, May 2009). New Chief Executive supports the position that management must stay calm and take steps for a slow but effective recovery, rather than fast and wasting strategies in order to save more that to spend (Murchie, 2009). However, human resource management of the bank is not so confident and planning to shorten around 9000 jobs, which is about 20%. It is believed that this action will help to decrease costs of around 3 billion dollars (Global Crisis News, 2009). Moreover, RBS represented the worst results in the market, being at the bottom of banking sector in September 2009 (Frei, 2009). Aspects of Nationalisation According to Encyclopedia Britannica, nationalisation is â€Å"alteration or assumption of control or ownership of private property by the state† (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2009) with several variations in the types and motives. Nationalisation usually appears through assets or shares taken over, and this can help the company to continue its business but under control of the government. If the company is nationalised by government it can continue to produce and operate, getting some revenue and have some returns on shares. Usually this process is followed by structural reorganisation, including traditional administrative strategy and style of control (Backhaus and Wagner, 2004). As a fact, nationalisation can come in the form of expropriation, if the previous owners do not get compensation for the business and in the form of rescue tool or governmental support. Not every company can get such support; it is usually a privilege of the companies and corporations that have national importance and heritage. There is a number of examples in the UK history of nationalisation, which helped to reorganise the structure of the company as well as to get financial support (Floud and McCloskey, 1994). It is believed that nationalisation started in the UK in 1908 after the establishment of Port of London Authority with the necessity of production control (Beardshaw and Ross, 2001). Some researches mention negative effects of nationalisation, pointing that it can damage economy and banking sector. One of the problems is decreasing competitiveness, especially in banking sector (Lee, 2007). Also, financial institutions and government avoid participating in management as it can lead to further recalls of nationalisation. And when the company fails to use management as an appropriate tool, the chance of mistake gets bigger with a cause of future nationalisation (Cuthbert and Dobbins, 1980). Mainly, nationalisation has political or economic aspects and motives. When government has power to control specific corporations and their production as well as financial position, it can use the company as an instrument to correct economy. In addition, government can provide more accurate and efficient capital and assets diversification. If the company is fully nationalised, government becomes the owner of the business and has to deal with its problems and debts. Nationalisation is connected to economy, here in order to have more attractive economy, government trying to stabilise financial system through bad assets escape. There are still debates around the necessity of nationalisation and its problems. On the other hand, there is a view that this process must have temporary term, and government acts more as guardian of the company or bank for the hard period. However, one must consider that the process of nationalisation must be done correctly and carefully, with revision of all advantages and disadvantages (Richardson, 2009). Looking at the advantages of the nationalisation first comes its ability to save the company or in our case the bank from heavy and senseless assets, which were collected over the time and are representing thread of bankruptcy. This will include separation such assets from the business allowing operating more efficiently. Unnecessary assets then can be put for sale or managed by another organisation and the bank, free from problematic sectors can continues to operate. In addition, nationalization can help to restructure top management, getting rid of dilettantish approach of operating the business (Richardson, 2009). RBS is also supporting this fact and according to Montia (2009), is now selling some of its asset management business with managed capital of 30 billion pounds. In addition, it is possible that RBS will have to sell more of its business and even at the very low price that is now at the market. It is also a part of the Chief Executives recovery plan for the RBS to separa te troubled divisions from working ones with further selling of non-core parts of the business (Bradley, 2009). Without considering the advantage of nationalisation, government can continue to give money support to the banks that are big and important for the economy, but this can create the situation, where nothing will be changed and achieved. Government support can give a privilege of a competitive advantage, for example, Northern Rock could cut its prices in mortgages and insurance and attract new customers. Among disadvantages of nationalisation is management problem. In reality it is very difficult to find right and appropriate human capital for each bank in order to manage them properly. Still there will be a chance of risks regarding new borrowings, credits and market position. And these risks are now to be taken by the owner. Again the problem of unnecessary assets appears and banks need to get rid of then, basically on very low prices. In this situation market will have clear advantages of nationalisation, while banks will suffer. In addition, nationalisation is very challenging to the government. It must find labor force and money to finance the process. Future performance of the company also depends on who will be in charge could be government itself or another managing company (Richardson, 2009). In order to avoid afterward problems, other options and decisions must be revised before the final decision of nationalisation. The company must stay efficient and respond to the market and global changes in time. Management must stay open and react quickly in order to avoid critical point. Change Process: Nationalisation of RBS In the beginning it is important to discuss global economic situation which caused problems in RBS and necessity of taking radical directions, including nationalisation. UK banking sector was under pressure of economic crisis 2006-2009 and is still recovering. It all started from the US sub-prime mortgage crisis and reached the rest of the world at the beginning of 2007 with increasing debts. Most of all crisis hit banking sector, central banks and international banks worldwide. As a result the Bank of England had to decrease interest rates, and all banks were under risk of failure (Rayner, 2008). Current crisis was named the worst for the last 75 years with negative effects on many types of businesses and customers expectations (Altman, 2009). During this time period management was facing great challenges, especially risk management. In addition, it is obvious from current crisis practice that risk management can help to win the race and using various models and strategies matters (Varma, 2009). Spreading from United Stated over Europe and UK crisis attacked banking sector. UKs economy is connected to the US through trade and loans and borrowings. As a result of the continuing bankruptcy of banks, some tried to avoid it through help request from government. The first bank that was fully nationalised in UK is Northern Rock, followed by the Lloyds Banking Group with partial control from the government. Some researchers put nationalisation under meaning of rescue, and as a fact not all banks or companies were getting such rescuing package from the UK government. In the case of Northern Rock, decision was made according to the point that this bank is special and its failure can cause growing instability in the UK banking sector (Tomasic, 2008). This also can be true about the Royal Bank of Scotland as it is bank with great history, representing Scottish nation as part of Britain, with its own printed banknotes and heritage. In spite of the fact that many banks across the world were put into critical situation, having choices of selling just assets or banks itself, not many were rescued (Woods, Humphrey, Dowd, Liu, 2009). In the report of the House of Commons Treasury Committee (April, 2008) it is discussed that in October 2008 RBS introduced new plan of rescue with capital amount of 20 billion pounds, however, shareholders were getting unattractive returns and government had to rescue RBS through acquisition of major part of its shares. At that time point nationalisation was inevitable in relation to future life of the RBS. Looking at the managerial problems that caused such consequences it can be pointed that RBSs top management along with its prior Chief Executive, Sir Fred Goodwin was taking over optimistic decisions as well as misunderstanding of the critical situation. Wrong decisions were made due to fast process of the economic worsening in UK and globally. According to Hester, RBS was suffering from great downturn due to prior decisions. In addition wrong risk management strategies that were adopted at that time made even worse, in particular control issues. It seems that RBS had a great balance sheet for a long time period and was not prepared for immediate change. In 2007, RBS made a crucial decision of taking over ABN Amro bank, in cooperation with Fortis and Santander banks, this resulted in RBSs independence of private organization. Acquisition of the ABN Amro was a wrong step to take in the thread of economic crisis which made RBS unable to finish its strategic plan. Newly formed group was defenseless in the worsening situation of market changes (House of Commons Treasury Committee, 2008). The step of huge expenditure, acquiring ABN Amro in wrong time, could have been avoided by managers of RBS. Even more, loss of around 72 billion Euros intensified critical situation. Managerial decisions of this acquisition were made without disclose of credit and asset problems in ABN Amro prior to the deal. In addition, this decision was influenced by shareholders, here 94.5% of them agreed on acquisition and it may appear that they pressed top management to finish the deal. However, RBS directors and top managers agreed about the deal with unanimity. Consequence of this deal is big loss in 2008 of around 30 billion pounds instead of assumed profit. The change associated with acquisition of ABN Amro was a representation of Ansoffs (1987) market development strategy. RBS attempted to expand into the US market geographically and in addition the company attempted to profit from dealing with US mortgage backed securities. However, the failure of the strategy caused the banks to suffer losses and request the help from the government which acquired the shares of the business. The process of nationalisation of the RBS began with basic rescue program. In October 2008, RBS started new strategic program in order to increase capital. One of the solutions was to offer ordinary shares at a price of 65.5 pence per share. The offer consisted shares for 15 billion pounds. HM Treasury has got around 12% for 5 billion pounds and later on around 57.9% of shares were acquired by the Government. Decisions that were made by RBS and Government were directed to the achievement of more stable bank position and additional resources for strength and further capital enlargement. Government and the bank deny that there was a strategy of total nationalisation and when financial position of RBS will be stable, it will again be under private ownership (Webster, 2008). It can be argued that this nationalization is an example of emergent change rather than planned strategy (Whittington, 1993). Emergency was caused by the high dependency of the bank on the inflow of cash for sustaining its operations. Whittington (1993) proposed four basic approaches to strategy. These can be classified as classical, systematic, evolutionary and processual. Classical approach suggests that the companys strategy would be to maximize profit. Evolutionary approach suggests that the environment will select the strongest businesses. The systematic approach suggests that social environment will determine business strategy. The change in RBS is processual because it implies that the company consists of different stakeholders who have their own interests and ambitions. The goal of the management is to satisfy the interest of each stakeholder. If RBS was not nationalized and this changed was not made, the society, employees and even shareholders would suffer negative effects. However, it can be argued that the nationalization might have hurt shareholders even more because the value of their equity has gone down as the share price plummeted. PEST Analysis of RBS The change in the organization connected with the process of nationalization can be reflected in the PEST analysis of the company: Political Factors The Ownership of the bank is changed in favour of the UK government; Bail out was done out of the UK government budget; Support of the government will have positive effects on financial matters; Governments support will cause managers to act in the interests of the government rather than shareholders. Economic Factors Interest rates declined; so demand for lending can rise; Financial Crisis in the UK and the world may further deteriorate performance of the banks and additional capital may be required from the government. Social Factors The change in the bank is also connected with restructuring of the company and lay offs; Rising unemployment is a negative consequence of business failures such as RBS. Technological Factors Technologies are constantly improving and this facilitates the banking business of RBS because some costs are being reduced and the work is being optimised; However, since the ownership of the company changed from shareholders to the government, management will be rather interested in meeting the objectives of the government rather than optimising the work with new technologies. Conclusion Royal Bank of Scotland is now almost entirely owned by British government around 70%. Today, RBS is among first banks to enter new program named asset protection plan. In 2009 RBS had suffered of worst loss of about 24.1 billion pounds and adopted plan of survival. Some analysts point that as the RBS is not fully nationalised it can still face the risks and fail to satisfy investors expectations. As resent investors rate increased with great returns there is number of requests to have RBS fully nationalised (Werdigier, 2009). It is hard to judge whether RBS could have avoid nationalisation in the situation when it is hard to turn back and see other choices. However, there were some managerial mistakes that could have been avoided. Poor change management was not ready to face difficulties and get over them. Besides the acquisition of the ABN Amro that was already discussed, there was another managerial mistake of continuing dividend increase after the change in earnings that were decreasing. Trying to attract new investors with high dividends and please current shareholders, management put the business under risk of failure. After the ABN Amro deal, this, along with unhealthy assets that were not sold in time had lead RBS to the final step of nationalisation. Being attractive for investors and shareholders for a short time period RBS created consequences where investors of the company became most affected by nationalisation. Prior to the crisis RBS was a profitable company with attractive position. Later on there was a decrease of the UK shares market and dramatic drop in RBS share prices. Overall at the point that RBS entered in 2008, nationalisation seems to be the last chance of survival. It can give some extra time to make new strategic plan and to recover from the financial instability. There is still a chance for RBS in the future to become profitable, independent and private company. References Altman, R.C. (2009) The Great Crash, 2008 , Foreign Affairs, January/February [Online]. Available at http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/63714/roger-c-altman/the-great-crash-2008# [Accessed 27 October 2009]. Ansoff, I. (1987) Strategic Management, New York: Wiley Backhaus, J.G., Wagner, R.E. (2004) Handbook of public finance, Birkhà ¤user, pp. 554. Beardshaw, J., Ross, A. (2001) Economics: a students guide, Pearson Education, pp.740. Bradley, J. (2009) ‘RBS tipped for  £1.5bn Profit a Year After Crash, The Scotsman, July 19, [Online]. 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